Machine tool is the metal or other materials of the blank or workpiece processing, so that it can obtain the required geometric shape, dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machine. Machine tools are generally divided into metal cutting machine tools, forging machine tools and so on. What is the supply and demand situation, import and export situation and development trend of China's machine tool industry and subsectors in the past three years?
I. Analysis of China's machine tool industry and market segments
1. Supply and demand analysis of machine tool industry
China is the largest producer and consumer in the global machine tool market and an important participant in the global machine tool market. According to the data of German Machine Tool Manufacturer (VDW), the main consumer demand of the world machine tool market in 2016 was 67.6 billion euros. China's consumption accounted for 31.9%, making it the largest machine tool consumer market in the world, while the United States, Germany, Japan and Italy accounted for about 1/3 of the consumer market. In 2016, the output value of the world machine tool market reached 67,857 billion euros, with China, Germany, Japan, the United States and Italy ranking the top five successively, among which China's output accounted for 25.16%.
According to the statistics of China Machine Tool Industry Association, from 2015 to 2017, the total consumption of China's machine tool market was 27.5 billion US dollars, 27.5 billion US dollars, 30 billion US dollars, and the total output of China's machine tools was 22.1 billion US dollars, 22.9 billion US dollars, 24.5 billion US dollars. After the stabilization of the machine tool market in 2016, the domestic machine tool industry gradually improved in 2017 due to the demand of intelligent manufacturing in the downstream market.
2. Supply and demand analysis of segmented industries
According to the statistics of China Machine Tool Industry Association, in 2016 and 2017, The output of metal cutting machine tools in China was about 12.2 billion US dollars and 13.35 billion US dollars, and the output value in 2017 increased 9.43% compared with the same period last year. The corresponding output in the same period was 783,200 units and 643,000 units respectively, down 17.88% from the same period last year. The output value of metal cutting machine tool decreases while the output value rises, which means that the product performance, grade and price of metal cutting machine tool in China have been improved. According to the latest data from the National Bureau of Statistics, 131,000 metal cutting machine tools were produced in the first three months of 2018, up 3.1 percent year on year. In recent years, with the effect of China's industrial structure adjustment and global economic recovery and other factors, the market demand for metal cutting machine tools has further improved. In 2017, China's consumption of metal cutting machine tools was 18.40 billion DOLLARS, up 7.8% year on year; Exports reached $2.18 billion, up 13.2% year on year; Imports reached 7.23 billion US dollars, up 18.4% year on year.
In 2016, the output of CNC metal cutting machine tools in China was 250,000 units, up 5.07% year on year; It is expected that the output of CNC metal cutting machine tools in China will reach 267,000 units in 2018, with a compound annual growth rate of about 3.47% from 2018 to 2022. In 2022, the output of CNC metal cutting machine tools will reach 306,000 units. CNC metal cutting machine tool output continues to rise, the future of China's metal cutting machine tool in the capacity to maintain stable growth at the same time, in the product of high speed precision, intelligent and other aspects will also make significant progress.
Two, China's machine tool industry import and export analysis
In the world machine tool industry, Japan and Germany have always occupied the top two countries in the output value of machine tool in the world. However, the outbreak of the financial crisis in 2008 led to the depression of downstream demand, which had a great adverse impact on the two countries' machine tool industry. Benefiting from China's economic development and the continuous growth of fixed asset investment, China's machine tool industry is relatively less affected by the financial crisis. The output value of the machine tool industry has jumped to the first place in the world since 2009, and has maintained the position of the world's largest machine tool producer.
Our country machine tool market presents the situation of import and export synchronous fluctuation. On the one hand, domestic machine tool enterprises fill the market gap through low-end machine tools and open the international market; On the other hand, high-end precision machine tools still have to rely on imports. In 2017, China's machine tool exports totaled $3.29 billion, up 11.4% year on year; Machine tool imports totaled 8.74 billion US dollars, up 16.3% year on year. Although the total import of machine tools has increased, the proportion of imported machine tools in the total size of the domestic machine tool market dropped from 41.4% in 2012 to 29.16% in 2017, indicating that domestic enterprises are striving to develop high-end technology, replacing imports, and gradually reducing China's dependence on foreign high-end machine tools.
Third, the development trend of machine tool industry
In recent years, China's machine tool industry from the previous single, low numerical control degree, low efficiency to the full range of varieties, high precision, intelligent direction of development, product structure adjustment has made great progress. Specifically, the future development trends of China's machine tool industry are as follows:
1. Precision and high efficiency
Machinery equipment, automobile industry, shipbuilding industry, household electrical appliances, electrical equipment, high-speed locomotive industry upgrading transformation, produce in the quality of the key basic parts, and the urgent need of performance, the precision and stability of the requirement of increasing the grinding process in production, CNC Grinding Machine tools as one of the important equipment of machinery manufacturing, It is developing in the direction of stability, high efficiency and high precision.
2. Intelligent manufacturing and informatization
Automation and intelligence are conducive to improving the unmanned operation level of equipment, reducing the labor intensity of operating workers, improving the reliability of the system and improving the processing efficiency. Intelligent technology on the basis of automatic technology will be more conducive to improve the reliability and safety of equipment, reflected in the system has self-learning ability, according to different working conditions and grinding requirements, through big data analysis, automatically generate the best grinding process parameters and monitoring indicators.Automatic iteration and optimization of grinding process, automatic programming and simplified operation, intelligent diagnosis and intelligent monitoring.
3. Flexible integration
Flexible technology is one of the main means for the manufacturing industry to adapt to the dynamic market demand and the rapid updating of products, which is conducive to improving the flexibility of equipment application. Its emphasis is on the premise of improving the reliability of the system, focusing on the development from single machine development to network integrated manufacturing system. At the same time, the integration of different technologies, the combination of different design schemes and the flexible application of the public platform of mechanical structure will give full play to the advantages of integrated innovation and accelerate the speed of product updating. At present, part of the domestic machine tool industry, high-end manufacturers have begun to establish intelligent grinding equipment flexible production line, in order to meet the requirements of industry flexible integration.
